Did Lance Armstrong Cheat?

This month, some of the favorites to win the Tour deproteins called antibodies that attach to EPO. The
France endurance bicycle race were prevented fromantibodies are put on a special plate, and the test urine
entering because of suspicion that they may haveis added. If the urine contains EPO, a band consisting
taken drugs or had blood transfusions to raise their redof the antibody tied to the EPO appears on the special
blood cell counts. That brings up the accusation thatplate.
Lance Armstrong, possibly the most dominantResearchers at Catholic University of Leuven in
endurance bicycle racer of all time, took blood boostingBelgium showed that "this widely used test can
drugs when he won the first of his seven Tour Deoccasionally lead to the false-positive detection of
France victories.EPO in postexercise, protein-rich urine." Any athlete
The allegation is that Lance Armstrong's urine, kept incan have a false positive test with this procedure.
storage for six years, had a positive test for EPO, aMost people with healthy kidneys do not spill protein in
restricted drug that raises blood levels oftheir urine, but after strenuous exercise, athletes with
oxygen-carrying and performance-enhancingnormal kidneys often spill protein into their urine. For
hemoglobin. An article published in this month's issue ofexample, more than 80 percent of runners spilled
the prestigious medical journal, Blood (June 15, 2006)protein into their urines after running the Boston
shows that after competing in any athletic event, anyMarathon. The authors state that the antibodies that
athlete could have a false positive urine test for EPO.are used in the test can attach to any protein in the
The test for EPO is done by injecting the protein, EPO,urine, not just EPO.
into animals so that their bodies produce special