Triathletes: 3 Keys to a Proper Bike Fit

A proper bike fit will make a world of difference inusing aerobars, follow these 3 recommendations: 1)
both your riding comfort and speed. From a generalyour forearms should be level when viewed from the
viewpoint, you should break your bike fit down intoside, with your "ears above your elbows"; 2) the elbow
three categories: seat height, handlebar height, andangle should be 90-110 degrees. Over 110 is too large
seat fore-aft positioning.an angle that can cause back problems, and under 90
Let's first look at seat height. Start by setting your seatdegrees is not aerodynamic enough; 3) the width of
at the highest possible level, while still allowing for athe elbows depends on your flexibility. There is no
smooth spin, which means that your hips shouldn't beperfect measurement - just like handlebar height, you
"rocking" from side to side to reach the bottom of theshould experiment with various angles until you find the
pedal stroke. The toes should not have to pointmost comfortable position that offers the greatest
excessively to reach a full extension in the pedalspeed.
stroke. The best way to get the seat height correct isFinally, the seat fore-aft position is another important
to sit on the seat and extend your leg as far down asmeasurement. Basically, with the crank at 90 degrees,
the crank allows (make sure you're clicked in ifa straight line from the front of the knee should drop
wearing bike cleats). Fully extend the leg by locking theinto center of the pedal axle. Your seat tube angle is
knee back. Make sure your foot is parallel to thethe adjustment that will affect fore-aft position.
ground. If your toes have to point down with the legRanges fall from 72 to 78 degrees, with triathletes
fully extended, then your seat is too high. If your heelusually riding at a higher angle. The higher the angle, the
has to point down with leg full extended, your seat ismore the hamstrings are involved in the pedal stroke,
too low. Of course, when actually pedaling, your toesand the easier a high cadence becomes. A greater
*will* be slightly extended, but your knee will also beamount of hamstring involvement will leave your
slightly bent, not locked out like it is when you arehamstrings warm and your quadriceps fresh for the
testing your bike in a stationary position. Remember,run. However, the an excessively steep seat tube
while a seat that is too high will simply affect yourangle can cause speed decreases due to less
ability to produce optimal power, a seat that is too lowassistance from the more powerful quadriceps group,
will put excessive force upon and eventually injure theand from gravity, which can offset the gains of using
knee joint.the hamstrings. Furthermore, it becomes less
Moving on to handlebar height: a generalbiomechanically efficient as the seat position moves
recommendation is 1-3 inches below the height of thefarther forward to push over the top of the pedal
saddle. Of course, this value will vary as a function ofstroke, due to an excessive lower leg angle relative to
back flexibility. You should be able to maintainthe crank arm. You should take your bike out and test
"softness" or a slight bend in the elbows, withoutboth speed and comfort level at varying seat tube
feeling too much pressure on the palms of your hand.angles. Remember, if you have low back pain or
Of all bike measurements, handlebar height is the mosttightness, a more forward seat position can be more
subjective - it really does depend how much bend youcomfortable. However, if you find that you continously
can maintain in your low back joint while stayingdeal with a tight low back on the bike, try bringing your
comfortable throughout the ride. As flexibility improvesseat position more forward, as it opens the angle
during your training, you should be able to graduallybetween your torso and thigh, thus reducing stress on
lower handlebar height, ideally in small increments. Ifthe low back.