Tragedy Strikes - History of the Tour De France From 1960-80

Rivalries spark viewership to new highs while awithdrew from the 1924 Tour and gave their famous
mountain top death was the tragedy that sparkedinterview to Albert Londres they described the long list
new rules requiring the first drug testing. Sponsoredof drugs they took. "We run on dynamite," Henri
Teams Again The 1960s saw a return to sponsoredPélissier said.
teams and commercialism yet the Tour still offeredBefore World War Two amphetamines were
lots of intrigue and drama. The Tour was the mostsynthesized and athletes immediately understood the
watched event in cycling and the sponsors badlyadvantage they gave. Through the fifties it was clear
needed the publicity. The Tour's biggest rivals, Poulidorto observers that riders were doping. There were
and Anquetil, truly disliked each other and this drewpictures of racers with dried foam on their faces or of
fans in.riders driven mad by a combination of heat and
Anquetil Rulesamphetamines stopping in the middle of a race to find
For many years, Anquetil was the greatest time-trialistrelief in a fountain. After riding until he collapsed Jean
in history. He won 12 of these tests in the Tour deMalléjac lay on the ground still strapped to his
France and even set a world record before he firstbike, his legs convulsively pumping the pedals. Others
won the Tour. Anquetil had a bit of a reputation as awould remount their bikes and go the wrong way.
rebel. He once said that his idea of training included "aSometimes one could almost follow the route of a
few whiskies, blonde cigarettes and a woman." Hisrace by the trail of syringes left by the side of the
wayward ways extended into his private life. He anroad. Roger Rivière crashed in 1960 because
affair with a doctor's wife, a woman named Jeanine,he had taken so much of the opiate Palfium to kill the
and when he learned that she couldn't bear him a child,pain in his legs that he couldn't feel the brake levers.
he persuaded her to let him have a baby with her adultBahamontes said that he loved a good hot day in the
daughter, a woman named Annie. They had a childmountains because the riders juiced up on
named Sophie. Of course, Annie and Jeanine began toamphetamines couldn't take the heat.
quarrel. Annie moved out and Jeanine invited her sonWas Tom Simpson a bad person or a hero? He was
and his wife, Dominique, to move in. Anquetil promptlyneither. He knew that riding without dope wasn't
seduced Dominique and a son, Christopher.possible,
Anquetil took his wild ways to his cycling events. MostThe day after Simpson's death. the peloton agreed to
riders always go for a ride on the rest day becauseride if one of Simpson's British teammates would be
their bodies are so used to cycling. Jacques Anquetil,allowed a ceremonial stage victory to honor Simpson's
however, liked to enjoy life. He would go to a picnicmemory.
and enjoy himself on big portions of barbecued lambMerckx Rules the Road
and lots of drink.Eddy Merckx of Belgium won in 1969, a stunning debut
Anquetil, the five-time winner, sat out 1965 andthat earned him the nickname "cannibal," a rider ready
returned in 1966. But this would be his last Tour.to devour everything it takes to win. Merckx flew into
Tragedy Strikes, Doping Raises its Ugly HeadParis with a 17 minute lead. Merckx dominated the
In 1967, tragedy struck and this would be the year thecycling world, winning 250 major races, one a week
Tour would first become tainted by a doping scandal.for six years. Without a doubt he was the most
Tom Simpson was the best British rider of his day.complete and capable rider alive.
Sadly, he fell victim to doping but actually died due toIn 1975 Merckx was finally beaten by Bernard
the heat as he crossed Mont Ventoux. His death ledThevenet. Merckx had been punched and knocked
to the first drug testing in 1968.from his bike by a jealous French fan. This is the first
Tom Simpson was a very well regarded racer. Hisyear that the race finishes along the Champs Elysees
sole goal in life was winning the Tour. Simpson knewFrance celebrated Thevenet's second win in 1977. He
he had to deliver. He turned to drugs, something thatwas a bit of a wonder boy, with seven more home
wasn't new to the Tour. For some time now manywins until the last, in 1985.
riders had been using a life-threatening cocktail ofThe race's next hero was a blunt Frenchman from
drugs: amphetamines as a stimulant, Palfium to kill theBrittany, Hinault, who would become the third man to
pain in their legs and then sleeping pills at night towin five Tours. The years between 1978 and 1984
counteract the amphetamines.became known as "le blaireau" (the badger's) golden
Cycling began to grapple with this problem The firstera.
races were staggeringly long and tested the limits ofThen France cheered a new hero, a sophisticated
human endurance. Stages in the early Tour could takebespectacled young Parisian called Laurent Fignon.
over 17 hours to complete. From the beginning ridersFignon rode into his home city of Paris in yellow,
took various substances to allow them to completebeating Hinault by 10 minutes and proving that 1983 had
their ordeals. When the Pélissier brothersbeen no fluke.