In Depth - Road Bikes Vs Triathlon Bikes

I am constantly asked what the big differences aretrumps aerodynamics to a point, so your best position
between road bikes and triathlon bikes. The obviousmay not be where you think it is!
difference is the fact that one races a triathlon in anSince the position on the bike and the setup of the bike
aero position, but sometimes we see aerobars onto support that position are the two defining
road bikes so what is the real difference? There is adifferences between a road bike and a triathlon bike,
smaller difference between uci legal time trial bikes andwhat about all the aero tubing on some frames and
triathlon bikes, though they look very similar. The shortthe round tubes on others? Some frame
answer is, road bikes are designed to have three handmanufacturers advertise how fast their frames are
positions, triathlon bikes are designed to have one. Justbased on wind tunnel testing, but I think that is a lot of
because a road bike has clip on aerobars, it does notmarketing hype for the most part. Here is a critical fact:
imply that it is a purpose built triathlon bike.The part of the time trial or triathlon bike that creates
Draft legal triathlons are the one area where a roadthe most drag is the rider! The frame is inside the
bike is used with little stub aerobars, but positionallyboundary layer and as such doesn't make as big a
speaking, I call them road bikes. They are designed tocontribution to aerodynamics as one might think.
be able to do all that a road racing bike does and inThe concept of a boundary layer is a tough one so
fact, bicycle racers use the aero position of a draftimagine the air right next to you going the speed you
legal triathletes all the time.are, and at a certain point away from your body (and
Time trial bikes that are uci legal have saddles that arethe bike) the air is undisturbed. There is a "layer" of air
set back further than triathlon bikes. The bike is setupthat transitions from no disturbance to actually going
so the rider has to actually ride on the nose of theyour speed, as the layer of air molecules that touch
saddle (on the rivet, as they say) to get the properyour skin are doing. The stuff in between is the
balance point for the effort being produced. The"boundary layer." In my industrial design career, I
harder one pedals, the farther forward their balanceremember designing a part that went on a boeing 777,
point moves. Since a time trialist is racing at maxand I remember learning the boundary layer was 13"
effort, the most efficient position is in front of thethick at the point in question. This means that the 2"
comfortable point on the saddle, so riders just tough itpart that was sticking out of the fuselage had virtually
out. They don't have to be comfortable and theirno real aerodynamic detriment!
events are rarely longer than about an hour so whoWhat all this means is, a road bike with aero tubing still
cares?won't be as fast as a triathlon bike with round tubing,
Triathlon bikes are designed to be ridden for longerassuming the rider has a good position! What this also
distances and at a submaximal pace. This means thatmeans is, the aerobars, fork and front wheel have a
the rider will be putting more weight on the saddle andhuge impact on aerodynamics as they are outside the
aerobars because they are not pounding the pedalsboundary layer. Some very fast ironman finishes occur
hard enough to support themselves. As such, thewith people riding round tube triathlon bikes, but you
saddle and aerobars are located in the place the ridercan bet they are positioned correctly and have good
is the most efficient or most aerodynamic. The reasonwheels, aerobars and front fork.
I distinguish between the two is traditional triathlonAt the end of the day, there is a lot to a good triathlon
positions are very far forward to accommodate abike. The first thing, positioning, is the most critical.
triathlete's greater hip angle needs and to allow aSecond, great wheels are important. Third, having a
super aero position.good set of integrated aerobars that have the shifters
My problem with this position is twofold. First, theat the ends of the aerobars is important. Next,
position is not powerful and many triathletes give uphydration. Frame bottles or aerobar bottles / hydration
more power than is gained by pure aerodynamics.systems are much better than those behind the
Second, the further forward one is positioned relativesaddle. You have to move around to reach back and
to their balance point, the more front loading occurs onget those saddle mounted bottles, so that is an area
the knees and overcompensation by quadricepsthat could yield good results.
occurs. This muscle imbalance is paid for in theTriathletes are in charge of all of the aspects for all
transition and the start of the run.three disciplines in the sport. The bike is so critical and
The perfect triathlon position is the one where the rideryet so overlooked it is not surprising that much bad
is as strong and aero as possible, with enough comfortinformation travels around the transition area. When
to be able to stay in the aerobars the entire event.you are sitting around the cooler after a race, and
This is a biggie. If you have to sit up during a race tosomeone says that "Brand X" bike won 10 ironman's,
rest because the aero position is not sustainable, youremember, the bike frame didn't win the race. The
have a problem. You will be going slower and you willathlete did, who had the best time in all three legs!
be more fatigued in the run. Remember, though, power